AUTOMATED IRRIGATION PROGRAMMING SYSTEM BASED ON WHEIGHING LYSIMETRY AND SOIL SALINITY, WITH REMOTE SUPERVISION OF THE CROP VEGETATIVE STATE

Project information
"IN THE ARID AND SEMIARID ZONES, AS THE SOUTHERN ZONE OF SPAIN, THE INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS BY THE WATER RESOURCES IS CAUSING IMPORTANT PROBLEMS OF WATER SUPPLY. THIS AFFECTS MAINLY THE AGRICULTURE. MOREOVER, FORECASTS ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE IN THESE REGIONS ARE PREDICTING A PROGRESSIVE WORSENING OF THE CURRENT SITUATION. THEN, ONE OF THE CRITICAL OBJECTIVES IN THE USE AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES FOR IRRIGATION HAVE TO BE THE DEVELOPMENT AND THE INCORPORATION OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES THAT ALLOW A MAJOR WATER USE EFFICIENCY. IN THE ARID ZONES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN, WITH A LIMITED WATER RESOURCES, AN ADEQUATE IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT IS IMPORTANT. THIS IS DUE TO THE IMPORTANCE OF THE IRRIGATION AGRICULTURE, THE LACK OF RAINFALLS AND THE USE OF SALINE WATER. FARMERS HAVE TO MAXIMIZE THE EFFICIENCY IN THE USE OF WATER FOR IRRIGATION. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THEY HAVE TO APPLY STRATEGIES AND IRRIGATION PROGRAMMING METHODS WITH A HIGHER EFFICIENCY THAN THE CURRENTLY APPLIED. THESE HAVE TO BE BASED ON DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF SOIL MOISTURE AND SALINITY OF THE SOIL ZONE WHERE ARE LOCATED THE ROOTS. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR MEASUREMENT OF WATER REQUIREMENTS, THE WHEIGHTING LYSIMETERS ARE HIGHER PRECISE AND RELIABLE. THESE DEVICES ARE NOT USED IN COMMERCIAL FARMS BECAUSE OF THE HIGH COST. THE PROPORTIONED VALUES BY THESE DEVICES ALLOW KNOWING THE CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. MOREOVER, IN ORDER TO MANAGE THE IRRIGATION, IT IS NECESSARY TO KNOW THE QUANTITY OF SALTS IN A SOIL. THIS IS DUE TO AVOID THE DECREASING OF THE CROP YIELD.IN ORDER TO KNOW THIS VALUE; SENSORS OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY MAY BE EMPLOYED. IN OTHER HAND, IT IS INTERESTING TO SUPERVISE THE CROP STATE WITHOUT THE CONSTANT PRESENCE OF A WORKER AND TO OBTAIN A COMPILED DATA IN DATABASES FOR THE USER. SO, THE FINALITY OF THIS RESEARCH PROJECT IS DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING A LOW COST SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE IN ORDER TO USE IN COMMERCIAL HORTICULTURAL EXPLOITATIONS. THIS DEVICE WILL BE CAPABLE OF MEASURING AND MANAGING THE IRRIGATION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS WITH ACCURACY AND IN REAL TIME. THE INPUTS WILL BE THE OBTAINED WATER BALANCE BY WEIGHTING LYSIMETRY AND SOIL ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY. MOREOVER THE VEGETATIVE STAGE OF THE CROP WILL BE SUPERVISED REMOTELY BY MEANS OF DIGITAL CAMERAS. DATA AND IMAGES FROM THE DEVELOPED WEIGHING LYSIMETER WILL BE WIRELESSLY SENT TO THE COMPACT CONTROLLER LOCATED IN THE IRRIGATION HEAD. IN THIS COMPACT CONTROLLER WILL BE LOCATED THE IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT ALGORITHMS TO MANAGE THE IRRIGATION FROM THE DATA OBTAINED. ADDITIONALLY, THE DATA WILL BE OBTAINED IN REAL TIME AND THE ALGORITHMS WILL ORDER THE IRRIGATION CONTROL DEPENDING ON THE REAL WATER NEEDS OF THE CROP. ALL THE INFORMATION WILL BE SENT BY MEANS OF GPRS/3G/4G TO THE EXTERNAL HOSTING WHERE ALL THE INFORMATION WILL BE COLLECTED. THIS INFORMATION WILL BE PRESENTED IN A ORDERED FORM BY MEANS OF A FRIENDLY USER INTERFACE. THIS INTERFACE WILL BE ACCESSIBLE FROM EITHER WEB NAVIGATORS OR MOBILE APPS DESIGNED FOR THIS PURPOSE. THIS PROVIDES THE ASSOCIATED SERVICES TO A SCADA SUCH AS THE HISTORICAL MANAGEMENT, WARNINGS AND ALARMS, CHANGE OF CONSIGNS, AMONG OTHERS. MOREOVER, THE SUPERVISION OF THE CROP STAGE WILL BE ADDED BY MEANS WIRELESS CAMERAS. THIS INNOVATIVE SYSTEM, WITHOUT PREVIOUSLY KNOWN DEVICES, WILL ALLOW AN ACCURATE CONTROL OF THE WATER SUPPLIES. MOREOVER, MINIMIZING OF WATER AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION WILL BE OBTAINED."
Project partners: 
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE CARTAGENA
Project dates: 
January 2016 to December 2018
Contact project
Funding
Funding agency: 
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.